Deep Blue is now within sight of passing the test laid down by Alan Turing, the father of artificial intelligence. The sort of shortcut a grand master takes – instinctively avoiding irrelevant moves – a computer can do by being told not to explore avenues to which it has assigned low values. What Deep Blue is saying this week is that “intuition” is programmable: merely a question of more megabytes. Kasparov argues that though the latest machines can calculate billions of moves, they lack imagination. This marks a milestone in the progress of artificial intelligence. Kasparov won the second game but the fact is the world’s greatest chess player has been beaten for the first time in a full -length game by the desiccated calculations of a sliver of silicon. We won’t hear that again because this week a hugely more powerful IBM Deep Blue beat Kasparov in the opening game of a challenge match coinciding with the 50th anniversary of the first electronic computer. When Garry Kasparov beat IBM’s chess computer in 1989 he told the programmers to “teach it to resign earlier”. Editorial: Mr Kasparov and the deep blues – the world’s greatest living chess player is beaten by IBM He left the Pennsylvania Convention Centre without speaking to reporters, and chess colleagues described him as devastated. He said at some points during the game, Deep Blue was analysing more than 100 million chess positions a second.Īt the end, Mr Kasparov reached across the board to shake hands with Feng-Hsiung Hsu, the IBM scientist who moved the pieces for Deep Blue. In March 2005, he announced his retirement from professional chess.“We’ve got one of the greatest concentrations of computing power ever focused on a single problem working here,” said Joseph Hoane, who has worked on Deep Blue software for more than six years. Kasparov retained his world chess champion title until 2000. Kasparov demanded a rematch, but instead, IBM retired Deep Blue. A disgruntled Kasparov suggested Deep Blue had been aided by some sort of human assistance during the games, charges that IBM denied. The victory was a huge publicity boost for IBM. On May 11, Deep Blue won the sixth as well as the match, 3.5 to 2.5. The third, fourth and fifth games ended in a draw. Kasparov took the first game while Deep Blue won the second. The IBM team had been working to upgrade Deep Blue since its 1996 defeat to Kasparov and the improved version of the computer was able to examine 200 million different chess positions per second. On February 17, the human chess master triumphed over Deep Blue in the sixth game and took the match, with a final score of 4-2.Ī heavily publicized 6-game rematch between man and machine began on May 3, 1997. The third and fourth games ended in a draw, while Kasparov won the fifth game. However, the tenacious, brilliant Kasparov quickly staged a comeback and won the second game. Instead, much to his frustration, the world chess champ lost the first game to Deep Blue. Although Deep Blue was capable of evaluating 100 million different chess positions per second, the IBM team wasn’t sure how the computer would perform in competition and Kasparov was favored to win. The six-game match between Kasparov and Deep Blue began on February 10, 1996, at the Pennsylvania Convention Center in Philadelphia. The IBM team continued to refine their supercomputer, which in 1993 was renamed “Deep Blue,” a combination of Deep Thought and Big Blue, IBM’s nickname. In 1989, Gary Kasparov easily trounced Deep Thought when they met for a 2-game match. Hsu and his collaborators, Murray Campbell and Thomas Anantharaman, were later hired by IBM, where they continued to work on the chess-playing computer. In 1985, at 22, Kasparov became the youngest world champion in history when he defeated Anatoly Karpov.ĭeep Blue’s origins trace back to 1985, when Carnegie Mellon University doctoral student Feng Hsiung Hsu began developing a chess-playing computer called “ChipTest.” The computer later became known as “Deep Thought,” after a machine in the science-fiction novel The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy by Douglas Adams. Garry Kasparov, considered one of the greatest players in the history of chess, was born April 13, 1963, in the Russian republic of Azerbaijan. However, Deep Blue goes on to defeat Kasparov in a heavily publicized rematch the following year. In the final game of a six-game match, world chess champion Garry Kasparov triumphs over Deep Blue, IBM’s chess-playing computer, and wins the match, 4-2.
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